Section 15010 MILL PIPING - EXPOSED AND BURIED

Section 15010

MILL PIPING - EXPOSED AND BURIED

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 THE REQUIREMENT

A. The CONTRACTOR shall furnish and install all exposed and buried mill piping as shown and specified, complete, including small steel pipe, stainless steel pipe and tubing, red brass pipe, copper tubing, solvent-welded CPVC pipe, polypropylene pipe, fiberglass reinforced thermosetting resin pipe, process glass pipe, cast iron soil pipe, corrosion- resistant cast iron pipe, fittings, gaskets, bolts, insulating connections, pipe insulation, and such other specialties as required for a complete and operable piping system in accordance with the requirements of the Contract Documents.

B. Piping shall be furnished and installed where indicated on the Contract Documents and specified in the Pipe Schedules.

1.2 RELATED WORK SPECIFIED ELSEWHERE

A. The requirements of the following sections and divisions apply to the Work of this section. Other sections and divisions of the Specifications, not referenced below, shall also apply to the extent required for proper performance of this Work.

1. Section 09800, Protective Coating

2. Section 15000, Piping, General

3. Section 15020, Pipe Supports

4. Section 15250, Pipe and Equipment Insulation

1.3 REFERENCE SPECIFICATIONS, CODES, AND STANDARDS

A. All Work specified herein shall conform to or exceed the applicable requirements of the referenced portions of the following publications to the extent that the provisions thereof are not in conflict with other provisions of these Specifications.

B. Comply with the applicable editions of the following codes, regulations and standards.

1. Codes and Regulations:

CCR California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Building

Standards Code

NFPA 70 National Electrical Code (NEC)

NFPA 70E Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace

2.	Industry Standards: A-A-51145	Federal Specifications, Flux, Soldering, Non-
		Electronic, Paste and Liquid
	A-A-59617	Federal Specifications, Unions, Brass or Bronze, Threaded Pipe Connections and Solder-Joint Tube Connections
	ASME B1.20.1	Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)
	ASME B16.3	Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings, Classes 150 and 300
	ASME B16.4	Gray Iron Threaded Fittings, Classes 125 and 250
	ASME B16.5	Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, NPS 1/2 through 24 Metric/Inch Standard
	ASME B16.9	Factory-Made Wrought Butt Welding Fittings
	ASME B16.11	Forged Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded
	ASME B16.12	Cast-Iron Threaded Drainage Fittings
	ASME B16.15	Cast Copper Alloy Threaded Fittings, Classes 125 and 250
	ASME B16.18	Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings
	ASME B16.21	Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges
	ASME B16.22	Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings
	ASME B16.24	Cast Copper Alloy Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
	ASME B16.26	Cast Copper Alloy Fittings for Flared Copper Tubes
	ASME B16.39	Malleable Iron Threaded Pipe Unions Classes 150, 250, and 300
	ASME B31	Code for Pressure Piping
	ASTM A 47	Standard Specification for Ferritic Malleable Iron Castings
	ASTM A 53	Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless

ASTM A 74 Standard Specification for Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings

ASTM A 105 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel

Forgings for Piping Applications

ASTM A 106 Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon

Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service

ASTM A 123 Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel Products

ASTM A 181 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel

Forgings, for General-Purpose Piping

ASTM A 183 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Track

Bolts and Nuts

ASTM A 194 Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High Temperature Service, or Both

ASTM A 269 Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General Service

ASTM A 312 Standard Specification for Seamless, Welded and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes

ASTM A 518 Standard Specification for Corrosion-Resistant

High-Silicon Iron Castings

ASTM A 536 Standard Specification for Ductile Iron Castings

ASTM A 587 Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance- Welded Low-Carbon Steel Pipe for the Chemical Industry

ASTM A 733 Standard Specification for Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel and Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe Nipples

ASTM A 861 Standard Specification for High-Silicon Iron Pipe and Fittings

ASTM B 32 Standard Specification for Solder Metal

ASTM B 43 Standard Specification for Seamless Red Brass

Pipe, Standard Sizes

ASTM B 62 Standard Specification for Composition Bronze or Ounce Metal Castings

ASTM B 88 Standard Specification for Seamless Copper

Water Tube

ASTM B 280 Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Tube for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Field Service

ASTM C 564 Standard Specification for Rubber Gaskets for

Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings

ASTM D 1330 Standard Specification for Rubber Sheet

Gaskets

ASTM D 1784 Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds

ASTM D 1785 Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120

ASTM D 2000 Standard Classification System for Rubber

Products in Automotive Applications

ASTM D 2855 Standard Practice for Making Solvent-Cemented Joints with Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Fittings

ASTM D 4101 Standard Specification for Propylene Injection and Extrusion Materials

ASTM F 402 Standard Practice for Safe Handling of Solvent Cements, Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings

ASTM F 437 Standard Specification for Threaded Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80

ASTM F 438 Standard Specification for Socket-Type Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40

ASTM F 439 Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80

ASTM F 441 Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly

(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules

40 and 80

ASTM F 477 Standard Specification for Elastomeric Seals

(Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe

ASTM F 493 Standard Specification for Solvent Cements for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings

AWS A5.8 Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing and

Braze Welding

AWWA C206 Field Welding of Steel Water Pipe

AWWA C214 Tape Coating Systems for the Exterior of Steel

Water Pipelines

AWWA C606 Grooved and Shouldered Joints

CISPI 301 Hubless Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings for Sanitary and Storm Drain, Waste and Vent Piping Applications

CISPI 310 Couplings for use in connection with Hubless Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings for Sanitary and Storm Drain, Waste, and Vent Piping Applications

O-F-499 Federal Specifications, Flux, Brazing, (Silver

Alloy, Low Melting Point)

3. Other Standards:

NSF NSF International (formerly, National Sanitation

Foundation)

SAE SAE International (formerly, Society of

Automotive Engineers)

C. Comply with the applicable reference Specifications as directed in the General

Requirements and Additional General Requirements.

1.4 CONTRACTOR SUBMITTALS

A. For the materials and equipment items supplied under the provisions of this section, the CONTRACTOR shall submit copies of the manufacturer's product specifications and performance details according to the requirements of the General Requirements, Additional General Requirements and as specified herein.

B. Grooved joint couplings and fittings shall be shown on product submittals and shall be specifically identified with the applicable style or series designation.

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE A. General:

1. The CONTRACTOR is to comply with the provisions of this Specification, Section 15000, Piping, General, and all other applicable sections of this Specification, standards, codes, and regulations.

2. In addition to any other markings specified herein, each length of pipe and each special section provided under this Specification shall be legibly marked by paint stenciling, die stamping, or hot-roll marking to show the following:

a. Manufacturer's name or mark.

b. Size and weight of the pipe or special section.

c. Type of steel from which the pipe or special section was made (if applicable). B. CONTRACTOR Qualifications:

1. Comply with the requirements for the certifications, licenses, training, skills, experience, and other qualifications specified in Article entitled “Small Steel and Stainless Steel Pipe” of this Specification.

C. All Grooved products shall be of a single manufacturer. Gaskets for grooved systems shall be of the same manufacturer.

D. All castings used for coupling housings, fittings, valve bodies, etc., shall be date stamped for quality assurance and traceability.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 SMALL STEEL PIPE

A. Galvanized steel pipe and black steel pipe size 6 inches in diameter and smaller shall be ASTM A 53, seamless (Type S) and as indicated in the Pipe Schedule, Section

15000, Piping, General.

B. Nipples shall be ASTM A 733, Grade B seamless, Schedule 80.

C. Malleable Iron fittings shall be ASME B16.3, Class 150. Elbows shall be long radius. D. Socket Welded fittings shall be Class 3000.

E. Threaded Fittings shall be Class 2000 or Class 3000 for schedule 40 and Class 3000 for schedule 80 pipe.

F. Butt welding shall be per ASME B16.9; ASTM A 234, Grade WPB, schedule 40 for use with schedule 40 pipe and schedule 80 for use with schedule 80 pipe.

G. Malleable iron unions shall be per ASME-B16.39.

H. Forged steel unions shall be per ASTM A 105, tongue-and-groove flange union, threaded, class 1500, two-bolt-oval type, with a 1/8-inch thick chemical lead gasket, 2 to

4 percent antimony.

I. Grooved-end Fittings and Joints

1. Grooved-end fittings and joints shall be malleable iron castings in accordance with ASTM A 47, Grade II, or ductile iron Grade 60-45-10 in accordance with ASTM A 536. Fittings and couplings for grooved-end piping systems shall be furnished by the same manufacturer.

2. Pipes and fittings shall be provided with grooved or shouldered ends in accordance with the pipe coupling manufacturer's specifications. Pipe sizes 3/4-inch through 24 inches may be cut-grooved. Pipe and tubing wall thicknesses shall not be less than the minimum recommended by the manufacturer for cut grooving.

3. Mechanically grooved couplings shall be self-centering and shall engage and lock in place the grooved pipe and pipe fitting ends in a positive watertight couple. Coupling housing clamps shall be fabricated in two or more parts of malleable iron castings, in accordance with ASTM A 47, Grade 32510, hot-dip galvanized in accordance with ASTM A 123.

4. Housing clamps shall hold in place a gasket designed so that internal liquid pressure serves to increase the watertightness of the seal. Liquid-sealing gasket shall be of molded synthetic rubber in accordance with ASTM D 2000, Grade No. M4AA615A13B13 with special heat resistance test of 16 hours at 350 degrees F and a maximum elongation change of minus 30 percent.

5. Coupling assembly shall be securely held together by two or more track head, oval-neck, steel bolts. Bolts and nuts shall be heat-treated carbon steel and shall be in accordance with ASTM A 183 and A 194, Grade 2.

6. Steel Pipe Coupling Manufacturers, Or Equal:

a. Gustin-Bacon (banded or grooved).

b. Victaulic Style W77 or 44 (flexible banded) or W07 (rigid banded). c. Victaulic Style 177, 77, 770 (flexible grooved) or 107, 07 (grooved).

J. Flanges for Schedule 40 pipe shall be ASME B16.5, Class 150. K. Flanges for Schedule 80 pipe shall be ASME B16.5, Class 300.

L. Flange Bolts shall be 316 Stainless Steel. (Bolts shall be of such length that after installation, bolt will project 1/8 to 3/8 inch beyond outer face of the nut).

M. Flange Nuts shall be Type 316 stainless steel, heavy hex pattern.

N. Welding flanges shall be forged steel conforming to ASTM A 181 and faced and dimensioned in accordance with ASME B16.5 for the pressure class specified or indicated on the Drawings.

O. Flange Gaskets:

1. Oil Service: ASME B16.21; non-asbestos filler with neoprene or nitrile binder;

1/16 inch minimum thickness for plain finished surfaces, 3/32 inch minimum thickness for serrated surfaces.

2. Water Service: ASTM D 1330, Grade I; red rubber with 1/8 inch minimum thickness.

3. Other Services: Flat-Face Flange: ASME B16.21; non-asbestos filler with neoprene or nitrile binder; 1/16 inch minimum thickness for plain finished surfaces,

3/32 inch minimum thickness for serrated surfaces.

P. Grooved Steel pipe shall be ASTM A 53, Type E or S, Schedule 40, or ASTM A 587. Q. Grooved Pipe Couplings shall be per AWWA C606.

2.2 STAINLESS STEEL PIPE AND TUBING A. Stainless Steel Pipe:

1. Stainless steel pipe shall be ASTM A 312 Type 316, seamless or straight-seam welded.

2. Threaded fittings shall be SAE Type 316, 150 pounds., with dimensions conforming to ASME B16.3.

3. Welded fittings, where shown, shall be ASTM A 182, and ASME B16.11, Class

3000.

4. Butt Welded Stainless Steel Pipe shall be per ASTM A 403, WP316L, and ASME B16.9, Schedule 405.

5. Grooved couplings for Stainless Steel Pipe shall be per AWWA C606, Type 316

Stainless Steel.

6. Flanges for Stainless Steel Pipe shall be ASME B16.5, Class 150, Flat Face.

7. Flange Bolts and Nuts shall be Type 316 stainless steel. B. Stainless Steel Tubing:

1. Stainless Steel Tubing shall be seamless Type 316, ASTM A 269, annealed, maximum hardness Rockwell B80.

2. Size and wall thickness shall not be less than 1/4-inch outside diameter and

0.035 inch wall thickness.

3. Fittings for stainless steel tubing shall be swage type, SAE Type 316 stainless steel. Flare, bite or compression types are not acceptable. Fittings shall be of the two-ferrule design, resulting in a primary seal and two secondary seals.

4. Fitting Manufacturers, Or Equal:

a. Swagelok Company. b. A-Lok Products, Inc. c. Victaulic Vic-Press.

2.3 RED BRASS PIPE

A. Iron Pipe Size Brass Pipe shall be per ASTM B 43, Red Brass, Regular Weight. B. Fittings shall be per ASME B16.15, Class 125.

C. Unions shall be per Federal Specification A-A-59617, Class 125.

2.4 COPPER TUBING

A. Copper Tubing shall be per ASTM B 88, Type K, seamless water tubing.

1. Annealed for buried applications.

2. Hard drawn for aboveground and gallery piping applications.

B. Copper tubing for air conditioning, condensate drains, and refrigeration field service shall be per ASTM B 280.

C. Flared Fittings shall be per ASME B16.26.

D. Solder Joint Fittings shall be per ASME B16.18 or B16.22. E. Insulating Fittings shall conform to the following:

1. Threaded: Dielectric steel pipe nipple, ASTM A 53 Schedule 40, polypropylene lined, zinc plated.

2. Flanged: EPCO "Dielectric Flange Unions," Central Plastics "Insulating Flange

Unions", Or Equal

F. Compression Joint Fittings shall be Brass.

G. Solder shall be solid wire, lead free, ASTM B 32, Alloy Grade, 95 percent tin and

5 percent antimony. For oxygen service, joints shall be silver soldered.

H. Soldering Flux shall be paste type, Federal Specification A-A-51145, Type I, Form A. I. Brazing Filler Metal shall be per AWS A5.8, BCuP-5.

J. Brazing Flux shall be paste type, Federal Specification O-F-499, Type B.

K. Flanges shall conform to ASME B16.24, Class 150, Cast Bronze, Brazed Joint. L. Flange nuts and bolts shall be Type 316 Stainless Steel with insulating kits.

M. Flange gaskets shall be as specified for steel pipe.

2.5 CPVC (CHLORINATED POLYVINYL CHLORIDE) PRESSURE PIPE, SOLVENT- WELDED

A. CPVC pipe shall be Schedule 80 unless indicated otherwise in the Contract

Documents.

B. CPVC pipe, for hot, corrosive solutions and where shown, shall be made from all new rigid unplasticized chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, Class 23447-B, conforming to ASTM F

441, bearing NSF seal.

C. Each length of pipe shall be marked with the date of extrusion and the manufacturer's run or unit number.

D. CPVC pipe shall be tested in accordance with ASTM D 1785. Tests shall be made on each run or unit of pipe extrusion. Certified copies of all quality control tests shall be furnished for acceptance prior to the installation of any plastic pipe.

E. Fittings and Gaskets:

1. CPVC material for fittings shall be in accordance with ASTM F 441.

2. Neoprene gaskets with push-on joints shall conform to ASTM F 477.

3. Schedule 80 CPVC socket type fittings shall conform to ASTM F 439. Schedule

40 CPVC socket type fittings shall conform to ASTM F 438. CPVC solvent weld cement for socket connections shall meet the requirements of ASTM F 493. Schedule 80 CPVC threaded type fittings shall conform to ASTM F 437.

2.6 PP (POLYPROPYLENE) PIPE

A. PP pipe, for chemical drains and where shown, shall be Type 1, Schedule 80 pipe conforming to ASTM D 4101, with drainage pattern fittings made of the same material, joined by the thermo-seal fusion process, or by threading, or flanging.

2.7 CAST IRON SOIL PIPE

A. Cast iron soil pipe shall be made of gray cast iron, ASTM A 74, extra heavy weight, suitable for service in drainage, waste, vent, and sewer lines.

B. Cast-iron soil pipe and fittings shall be coated inside and out with coal tar pitch. C. Hubless cast iron soil pipe shall be per CISPI 301.

D. Hub and spigot fittings shall have rubber gaskets and conform to ASTM C 564.

E. Hubless below grade fittings shall be "MG Couplings," style, with ASTM A 48 Class

30A Cast Iron Body, neoprene gasket and Type 316 stainless steel bolts and nuts. F. Hubless above grade fittings shall be CISPI 310 couplings style.

G. Threaded joints for aboveground joints shall be American Standard taper screw threads, cut clean and made up with Teflon tape or an approved paste thread compound applied to the male threads only.

2.8 CICR (CAST IRON CORROSION RESISTANT) PIPE

A. Cast iron corrosion resistant pipe and fittings shall be made of high silicon iron pipe with hub and spigot joints that conform to ASTM A518 and A861. Pipe and fittings shall be suitable for use in drainage, waste, vent, and sewer lines.

2.9 PLASTIC TAPE WRAP

A. Plastic tape protective coating shall be in accordance with AWWA C214 or consist of not less than two spirally applied wrappings of polyethylene or PVC tape, over the prime coat, to a minimum system thickness of not less than 40 mils. Each wrapping shall be lapped not less than 1/2 inch. A single wrap lapped 50 percent or more will not be acceptable.

B. Primer Shall Be:

1. For power machine wrapped pipe: Polyken Pipeline Coatings, No. 919; Tapecoat

Company, TC Coldprime, Or Equal.

2. For hand machine or hand wrapped pipe: Polyken Pipeline Coatings, No. 497; Tapecoat Company, TC Coldprime; Or Equal.

C. The first wrapping shall consist of 1 or 2 plies of self-adhesive polyethylene or PVC tape to a total thickness of approximately 20 mils, Polyken Pipeline Coatings, No. 930; Tapecoat Company, Tapecoat CT; Or Equal.

D. The finish wrapping shall consist of a self-adhesive protective overwrap of approximately 25 mils thickness, Polyken Pipeline Coatings, No. 954; Tapecoat Company, CT 10/40W; Or Equal.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 SMALL STEEL AND STAINLESS STEEL PIPE

A. Galvanized or black steel pipe shall be coated as specified in Section 09800, Protective Coating. Buried black steel pipe shall receive a shop-applied plastic tape wrap coating and field joint wrap.

B. Pipe ends for mechanical couplings shall be square cut or beveled with all burrs removed.

C. Joints shall be grooved, screwed, welded, flanged, or flexible as noted. In general, pipe 3 inches and over in diameter shall be flanged, and pipe under 3 inches in diameter shall be screwed. Flexible couplings and flanged connections may be used as necessary and shall be used where indicated on the Contract Documents.

1. Threaded Joint:

a. All threaded pipe shall be cut clean and at right angles to the axis of the pipe. Pipe threads that are carelessly made, wavy, rough or chewed shall be rejected. All screwed joints shall be tightly and neatly made up with an application of Teflon tape or other approved compound applied to male threads only.

b. Pipe threads shall conform to ASME B1.20.1, NPT.

c. Not more than three threads at each pipe connection shall remain exposed after installation.

d. Ends of pipe shall be reamed after threading and before assembly to remove all burrs.

e. Threaded joints in stainless steel piping shall be made up with Teflon thread sealer and Teflon thread tape applied to all male threads.

f. Thread tape and joint compound or sealers are not to be used in threaded joints which are to be seal welded.

2. Flexible couplings shall not be used in steam or hot water piping. All welded joints shall be electric arc welded in accordance with AWWA C206. Qualification of welders shall be as specified in AWWA C206. All testing of welders shall be at the CONTRACTOR’s expense, including all labor, material, equipment, laboratory testing, etc.

3. Pipe ends for weld neck flanges shall be beveled. D. Welded Joints:

1. Welding shall conform to these Specifications and recommendations contained in

ASME B31.

2. Pipe with a wall thickness 15/64 inch or greater, intended for field butt welding, shall have the pipe ends beveled on the outside or inside, or both.

3. Bevels shall have an angle of 30 degrees, with a maximum plus tolerance of 5 degrees, and no minus tolerance.

4. The width of the root face at the end of the pipe shall be 1/16 inch, plus or minus

1/32 inch.

E. Before grooved-end couplings are assembled, pipe ends and outsides of gaskets shall be lightly coated with a lubricant approved by the coupling manufacturer to facilitate installation. Gaskets for use with cement-lined steel pipe shall be captured between the ends of the pipe to protect the exposed metal from corrosion.

F. Plastic Tape Wrap:

1. In wrapping welded joints, the sharp edges of weld spatter, slag, etc. at the welded joint shall be removed with a file or ball peen hammer. A single thickness of tape shall first be applied around the weld. Then the wrapping shall be started 4 inches back on the pipe wrap, and the tape shall be spiral wrapped over the joint, holding the proper tension and overlap, and finished 4 inches back on the pipe wrap on the other side of the joint. The second wrapping shall then be similarly applied.

2. Fittings, valves, and other odd shaped components in the pipeline shall be wrapped with both first and finish wrapping over the prime coat as specified.

3.2 COPPER TUBING

A. Compression Joints:

1. Ends of tubing shall be square cut and all burrs removed.

2. The tubing end shall be fully inserted into the compression fitting and the nut shall be tightened not less than 1-1/4 turns, and not more than 1-1/2 turns past finger-tight, or as recommended by the fitting manufacturer, to produce a leak tight, torque free connection.

B. Flared Joints:

1. The ends of annealed copper tubing shall be cut square and all burrs removed prior to flaring.

2. Ends shall be uniformly flared without scratches or grooves.

3. Fittings shall be tightened as required to produce a leak tight joint. C. Solder and Brazed Joints:

1. Where solder fittings are specified in lines smaller than 2 inches, joints may be soldered or brazed, at the option of the CONTRACTOR.

2. Joints in 2-inch and larger copper tubing shall be brazed.

3. Joints in copper refrigerant piping shall be brazed.

4. Surfaces to be joined shall be thoroughly cleaned with flint paper and coated with a thin film of flux.

5. At each joint, tubing shall enter to the full length of the fitting socket.

6. Care should be taken to avoid overheating the metal or flux.

7. While the joint is still hot, all excess filler metal and flux shall be removed with a rag or a brush.

3.3 PLASTIC PIPE

A. Solvent Welded Joints:

1. CPVC and Fiberglass RTR pipe joints shall be solvent-welded in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Pipe 3 inches in diameter and smaller shall be joined by means of socket fittings and solvent welding in conformance with ASTM F 402. Unless otherwise specified, pipe 4 inches in diameter and greater shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Special attention shall be given to provide for pipe expansion. Foreign material shall be removed from the pipe interior prior to assembly. Fittings shall be rated for the same working pressure as the pipe or higher. Nipples for transition for plastic pipe to rubber hose shall be serrated for that purpose.

a. Solvent welded joints shall be prepared in accordance with ASTM D 2855, generally as follows:

1) Pipe shall be cut square with the axis, using a fine-tooth saw and a suitable guide. Pipe shall be chamfered and/or deburred. The pipe shall be inserted into the fitting in such a manner that the interference fit occurs at not less than 1/3 or more than 2/3 of the socket depth.

2) All surfaces to be joined shall be cleaned and be free of dirt, moisture, oil and other foreign material. The solvent cement shall be applied as quickly as possible, consistent with good workmanship.

3) The pipe shall be turned 1/4 turn during assembly to distribute the cement evenly. Assembly shall be completed within 20 seconds after the last application of cement.

B. Flanged Joints:

1. Gaskets used with any plastic flanges shall be full-face gaskets of soft neoprene

1/8 inch thick. Ring gaskets shall not be used.

2. Flanged joints indicated on the Plans shall be socket-type flanges furnished by the CONTRACTOR.

3. Flange bolts shall be tightened sufficiently to slightly compress the gasket and effect a seal, but not so tight as to fracture or distort the flange.

4. A plain Type 316 stainless steel washer shall be installed under the head and nut of bolts connecting plastic pipe flanges.

5. Anti-seize thread lubricant shall be applied to the threaded portion of all stainless steel bolts during assembly.

C. Threaded Joints: Threaded joints in plastic piping shall be made up with Teflon thread tape applied to all male threads

D. Plastic pipe shall be coated as specified in Section 09800, Protective Coating.

3.4 DRAIN TRAPS

A. Drain traps shall be installed at low points in air and gas lines or where shown. B. Liquid outlets shall be piped to the nearest floor drain or open sump.

3.5 COUPLINGS

A. Pipe couplings shall be installed in strict accordance with the manufacturer's printed recommendations, using the correct style coupling and gasket for any given application.

3.6 GASKETS FOR FLANGED JOINTS

A. Gaskets shall be in accordance with the requirements of Section 15000, Piping, General.

3.7 CAST IRON AND DUCTILE IRON SOIL PIPE

A. All junctions shall be made through sanitary T-branches or through Y-branches with brass screw caps and have accessible cleanouts located at changes of direction. Cleanout locations shall be submitted for review prior to installation.

B. The CONTRACTOR may substitute mechanical joint ductile iron pipe in place of cast- iron soil pipe. The thickness class shall be subject to the ENGINEER’s acceptance.

C. Clamps for hubless cast iron soil pipe shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.

3.8 TESTING

A. After installation, the piping systems shall be tested as specified in Section 15000, Piping, General.